Zaat Assignment #2

1. In what ways does the concept of appearances seem to be showing up in the novel?

    The concept of appearances seems to show up a lot in the newspaper clippings especially when Mubarak talks about the help Egypt is receiving from the United States. We, as the reader, have not yet seen the involvement of the U.S. in the book yet so it is interesting to see how Mubarak is using them to seem in control of certain situations. He includes statistics such as, "most American companies that have invested in Egypt have made huge profits." (Ibrahim, 65), to seem as though his leadership has had a great influence on Egypt's involvement in foreign politics. However, Mubarak seems to take himself out of control of situations when he gives Field Marshal Abou Ghazala control of the hijacked plane in Malta, which is intriguing because from what we can see in the majority of the newspaper clippings he likes to be in control of every situation. 

2. What trends do you see in the newspaper clippings in the section? Give one example of this trend. Are there similar trends in the earlier news sections?

   The first part of the newspaper clippings from chapter 4 all include facts about foreign intervention in Egypt. Articles from the New York Times and the Herald Tribune express how Egypt is becoming more and more dependent on other countries for support regarding military aid and resources like food. (Ibrahim, 64). Another trend seen in the newspaper articles is how other countries are utilizing Egypt's cheap labor to their advantage; as said by Mubarak, "[Egypt has] the biggest market in the Middle East and Egyptian labor is cheap." (Ibrahim, 65). This shows that Egypt's relationship with foreign countries contains almost a give and take system: Egypt will ask for aid regarding their military or resources while the other countries utilize the easily accessible labor that Egyptians offer to complete their work cheaply and quickly. There are similar trends in chapter 6 with the idea that the government does not know what they are doing. In chapter 6 the main focus is the environment and trying to fix the problems they are having such as implementing fish farms and petroleum companies; however, they are not receiving the results they want to receive. This idea is present in chapter 4 when the government is debating over whether or not a document was signed and also when Mubarak states that the country has signed a deal and is in a good economic state, yet another government official argues the opposite by rattling off the country's debt. 

3. Make one connection between the prose section and the newspaper section using the concept of communication.

   In both the prose and newspaper section, the idea of miscommunication is prevalent in different contexts. During the prose section, Abdel Maguid and El Shanqeety demonstrate the lack of communication between husbands and wives when they stay up late and watch their videos while pretending to be sleeping the whole night. They keep the secret to themselves and do not admit to their wives what they are watching and then they expect their wives to be cordial and respectful Egyptian women and mothers while they are not being respectful husbands. Another form of miscommunication is when Abdel Maguid and El Shanqeety are making jokes, however Shanqeety does not understand that Abdel Maguid is joking at that moment and instead poses his own joke to cover the miscommunication up. In the newspaper clipping during chapter 4 the Egyptian Industry Minister claims that Egypt has not signed a contract with General Motors, while the Secretary General of the National Democratic Party claims that they have in fact signed the contract. This creates the idea of an unstable government and one that cannot function as a whole. 

4. How are men portrayed in this novel? Give 2 specific examples of things they do. What might Ibrahim’s authorial purpose be? What does he want to show readers?

    Men are portrayed in many different lights in the novel: providers, power hungry and lustful. Mubarak can be described as power hungry because he wants Egypt to have ties with economically stable countries to increase the power of Egypt as well as the Egyptian influence on the stronger and more powerful countries. Like I mentioned before, he considers himself one of the reasons why the countries are having so much success when investing in Egypt. He specifically says, "most American companies that have invested in Egypt have made huge profits." (Ibrahim, 65), which shows the reader that he thinks highly of the Egyptian government. Men are considered lustful in the novel because they constantly look to please themselves and will go to any measure to get the fulfillment they desire. In chapter 5, after Abdel Maguid watches the videos with El Shanqeety, he expects Zaat to want to have sex with him and forces her to wake up just to do that, which she of course obliges to. Finally, men can also be portrayed as the provider of the family because early in the book when Abdel Maguid and Zaat first got married he did not want Zaat to have to work because he wanted to be the "traditional" Egyptian husband and allow for Zaat to stay home to tend to the household. 

5. Who are the “machines” and why do they boycott Zaat?

   The "machines" are the women who Zaat work with in her new department. They boycotted Zaat simply because of their lack of patience for her way of transmitting her material, which made Zaat feel as though her opportunities at the office and her opportunities in socializing with the women were diminishing. They felt that she was incapable of keeping up with the subjects they talked about so they decided to stop inviting her to tea and stopped asking about her opinion on work related questions. Zaat felt as though their reason for boycotting was illogical since she shared the same religion as they did and was not Christian like Nadia who had recently joined the women. This made Zaat feel rejected and decreased her self esteem.